1830. Carta Luís Caetano Leirós de Andrade e Castro, sob o pseudónimo de José Miguel Firmino, para José António de Campos Andrada.

Extortion letter from Luís Caetano Leirós de Andrade e Castro, under the alias of José Miguel Firmino, to José António de Campos Andrada,who workedin Lisbon Custom House.

The author promises to strike the addressee's name out of a list of liberals to imprison if he pays him a sum of money.

In the first quarter of the 19th century, extortion letters became a very typical practice. Authors threatened rich addressees with all sorts of ruinous events in the case they didn't hand in a certain amount of money. The frequentness of this practice was possible also because of the political and social turmoil associated with these first years of Liberalism.